Misunderstandings in the use of urea and their correction methods

In agricultural production, urea is a commonly used nitrogen fertilizer, which is favored by farmers because of its high efficiency and easy absorption. However, incorrect use methods not only fail to increase crop yields, but may also cause soil pollution and waste of resources. This article aims to explore common misunderstandings in the use of urea and scientific correction methods to help farmers use this important fertilizer more effectively.

1. Common Misunderstandings

1.1 Direct application without covering soil

Many farmers are used to spreading urea directly on the ground, which can easily lead to urea volatilization loss and reduce the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer utilization. Research data shows that direct urea application will only result in a nitrogen utilization rate of 30%-40%, and the rest will be lost due to volatilization and runoff.

1.2 Excessive application amount

In pursuit of high yields, some farmers will apply large amounts of urea, but excessive urea not only cannot be absorbed by crops, but also causes soil salt accumulation, affecting soil health. It is recommended that no more than 200 kilograms of urea be applied per hectare.

1.3 Improper application time

Urea is volatile, so the application time is critical. Applying urea in hot or rainy seasons will increase the volatilization and loss of nitrogen. The best application time should be in the morning or evening, avoiding high temperatures and heavy rains.

2. Scientific Correction Methods

2.1 Buried fertilization method

The use of buried fertilizer can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer. Studies have shown that buried fertilizer can increase the utilization rate of nitrogen to 60%-70%. The specific operation is to apply urea to a depth of 5-10 cm in the soil and cover it with a thin layer of soil, which helps to reduce volatilization and improve soil absorption rate.

2.2 Reasonable control of fertilizer application

Ensure the rationality of urea application and avoid over-fertilization. The scientifically recommended fertilizer application rate should be adjusted according to soil test results and crop demand. Generally, the urea application rate per hectare should be controlled at 100-150 kg.

2.3 Pay attention to the timing of fertilization

Choose the right time to fertilize, and avoid fertilizing before high temperatures and heavy rains. The best time is in the morning or evening in early spring and late autumn, ensuring that there is ample time for urea to enter the soil for 3-4 days after fertilization.

Through scientific application methods and reasonable corrective measures, farmers can greatly improve the utilization rate of urea, reduce environmental pollution, and increase crop yield and quality. I hope this article can provide a useful reference for farmers and help them better use urea fertilizer.